The Internet came to being in 1969 accompanied by ARPANET, (Advanced Research Projects Agency Network), a network packet with the aim of solving the problem of communication between computers. It aims to solve data transferring methods from one computer to another so that computers could speak to each other, thereby allowing researchers to share data without needing to travel to the location of the computer.

A method that was previously in place to solve this problem was said to be circuit switching which involved a long time and the process could be easily terminated because the design was that all the data that needs to be sent had to be sent in one packet and if the connection was interrupted at any time, none of the data would get through, hence the process will be terminated.

Moving forward, technology became advanced, scientist embarked on finding alternative solution to data transferring which was captured in another method termed packet switching.

Packet switching: packet was presented as an alternative method to circuit switching which implies that the data that is meant to be transmitted can be broken down into segments which are supposed to be smaller in size and each segment could be transferred individually. As a result of the break down into smaller segments the data took less time during transfer and took less time during transfer asides taking less time during transfer, when interruption occurs in the process, the process doesn’t have to be repeated because some data would have made it through, the process would only need to be continued as opposed to circuit switching which demands that the process needs to start over completely.

As research and findings continued, scientist devised another system called DNS (Domain Name System). DNS can be summarized as query and response relationship. When a command is entered, a response follows as answer to the query launched. It establishes a client-server relationship. The server is the software or hardware that provides functionality for other software or hard ware devices called clients.

The DNS was created in 1983 and became one of the original Internet Standards in 1986.

The Domain Name System (DNS) maps human-readable domain names (in URLs or in email address) to IP addresses. In the context of DNS, a domain name provides a user-friendly way to point to non-local resources. This could be a website, a mail system, print server, or any other server that is available on the Internet.

DNS is a part of the Uniform Resource Locator(URL) and can be otherwise referred to as the name of a website. The goal of domain names is to provide a mechanism for naming resources in such a way that the names are usable in different host, networks, internets e.t.c.

DNS is important because it can provide users with information quickly and enable access to remote hosts and resources across the internet.

FTP is another client-server protocol, with which a client requests a file and the server supplies it. is a common network protocol for more private file sharing. The method has grown less popular as most systems began to use HTTP for file sharing. FTP runs over TCP/IP which is one of the means of communications protocols and requires a command channel and a data channel to communicate and exchange files, respectively. Clients request files through the command channel and receive access to download, edit and copy the file, among other actions, through the data channel.

finally, HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) is a method that connects to the domain's server and requests the site's HTML, which is the code that structures and displays the page's design.

HTTP is a file sharing protocol which also runs over TCP/IP and primarily works over web browser and is commonly recognizable for most users. When a user enters a website domain and aims to access it. HTTP provides the access and automatically process the input and return a URL with the HTTP extension at the beginning.

HTTP defines a set of methods to indicate the desired action to be performed for a given resource. The request methods are GET, HEAD, POST, PUT, CONNECT, OPTIONS, TRACE, and PATCH.

GET: the GET method requests a representation of the specified resource. Requests using GET should only retrieve data.

Head: The HEAD method asks for a response identical to a GET request, but without the response body.

POST: The POST method submits an entity to the specified resource, often causing a change in state or side effects on the server.

PUT: the PUT method replaces all current representations of the target resource with the request payload.

DELETE: The DELETE method deletes the specified resource.

CONNECT: The CONNECT method establishes a tunnel to the server identified by the target resource.

OPTIONS: The OPTIONS method describes the communication options for the target resource.

TRACE: The TRACE method performs a message loop-back test along the path to the target resource.

PATCH: The PATCH method applies partial modifications to a resource.

In conclusion, the internet till date is still under structural modification and will continually be as a result of the emergence and the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into browsers to aid efficiency and effectiveness in client-server interaction among other functions of AI.

Thanks for reading.